CIVIL LAW

Civil law is a branch of law that deals with disputes between individuals, organizations, or between individuals and organizations, typically over rights, obligations, and liabilities. Unlike criminal law, which involves offenses against the state, civil law focuses on resolving non-criminal disputes such as contracts, property, torts (personal injury or negligence), family matters (divorce, child custody), and inheritance. In a civil case, one party (the plaintiff) seeks compensation, restitution, or specific performance from another party (the defendant) for a perceived harm or breach of duty. Civil cases are usually resolved through negotiation, settlement, or litigation in a court. If the case goes to court, the plaintiff must prove their case by a preponderance of evidence, which is a lower standard than the "beyond a reasonable doubt" standard used in criminal cases. Civil law aims to resolve conflicts, enforce agreements, and provide remedies for those harmed by the actions or inactions of others.